Spark-X2.5

Welcome to the GitHub repository of Spark-X2.5 open model series. You can find official information about Spark-X2.5, post your questions here(Issues), and check our Release Notes for the latest updates.

Introduction

Today, we are introducing Spark-X2.5-4B and Spark-X2.5-1.7B, two compact, general-purpose language models designed to make capable AI more practical, efficient, and accessible. The models deliver strong performance across a broad range of everyday tasks—including conversation, writing, translation, reasoning, coding, tool use, and agentic workflows—achieving leading results among open-source models of comparable size. Spark-X2.5 combines an efficiency-oriented architecture with native context windows of up to 1M tokens, and support for more than 200 languages.

Technical Highlights:

• Efficient Architecture and Native 1M-token Context: The models use a hybrid attention architecture that combines one full-attention layer with three sliding-window attention layers. This design substantially reduces the computational overhead typically associated with long-context models while natively supporting a context window of up to 1M tokens.
• Strong Coding and Agent Capabilities: The models are deeply integrated with popular agent harnesses, including Codex, Claude Code, OpenClaw, and Hermes. They deliver state-of-the-art performance among models of comparable size across everyday coding, agentic workflows, reasoning, and instruction-following tasks.
• Broad Hardware and Software Compatibility: The models support a wide range of hardware platforms, including NVIDIA, Huawei, Hygon, HOUMO.AI, etc. It is compatible with leading inference frameworks such as vLLM, SGLang, llama.cpp, MLX, and can be deployed quickly through platforms including Ollama and LM Studio. The models can also be customized using popular fine-tuning frameworks such as LLaMA-Factory. Across multiple hardware platforms, they deliver superior TTFT, TOPT, and overall inference efficiency compared with similarly sized models.
• Advanced Training Algorithms: The models were trained on Huawei Ascend clusters. Large-scale reinforcement learning and post-training techniques such as MOPD significantly enhance its reasoning, coding, agentic, and instruction-following capabilities.

Model Downloads

The Spark-X2.5-4B and Spark-X2.5-1.7B are available on the following platforms. Choose the most suitable download source for your region and environment:

If Hugging Face is slow or unavailable in your region, try ModelScope, Modelers, SCNet or AtomGit instead.

Benchmarks

• * denotes reported results from publicly‑released model cards / papers and - denotes scores not yet available.
• All evaluations are conducted in thinking mode. The recommended sampling parameters for Spark-X2.5 are temperature=1.0, top_p=0.95, and top_k=-1.
• Gaokao 2026 consists of the five 2026 Chinese GAOKAO examinations (National I,National II, Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin), each graded out of 150 points.

Quickstart

The examples below serve a local Spark-X2.5-4B checkpoint. Set MODEL_PATH to its absolute path before starting a container:

export MODEL_PATH=/absolute/path/to/Spark-X2.5-4B

SGLang

Install SGLang

For NVIDIA GPUs:

Use the pre-built image that tracks the Spark-X2.5 runtime:

docker pull lmsysorg/sglang:nightly-dev-cu13-20260827-20621aa1

For Ascend NPUs:

# A3 daily build
export SGLANG_IMAGE=quay.io/ascend/sglang:main-cann9.0.0-a3

# A2 daily build (use this instead on A2 hardware)
export SGLANG_IMAGE=quay.io/ascend/sglang:main-cann9.0.0-910b

docker pull "$SGLANG_IMAGE"

Run Inference

The following commands start an OpenAI-compatible API server configured for a maximum context length of 1,048,576 tokens. This setting requires sufficient device memory; reduce --context-length when necessary.

Server

docker run --rm -it \
  --gpus '"device=0"' \
  --ipc=host \
  -p 30000:30000 \
  -v "$MODEL_PATH":/root/Spark-X2.5-4B:ro \
  lmsysorg/sglang:nightly-dev-cu13-20260827-20621aa1 \
  python -m sglang.launch_server \
    --model-path /root/Spark-X2.5-4B \
    --served-model-name spark2.5 \
    --tool-call-parser spark25 \
    --reasoning-parser qwen3 \
    --tp-size 1 \
    --mem-fraction-static 0.8 \
    --context-length 1048576 \
    --chat-template /root/Spark-X2.5-4B/chat_template.jinja \
    --host 0.0.0.0 \
    --port 30000

Ascend NPU:

docker run -it --rm -e ASCEND_USE_FIA=1 --network=host --ipc=host --shm-size=16g \
    --device=/dev/davinci0 --device=/dev/davinci1 --device=/dev/davinci2 --device=/dev/davinci3 \
    --device=/dev/davinci4 --device=/dev/davinci5 --device=/dev/davinci6 --device=/dev/davinci7 \
    --device=/dev/davinci8 --device=/dev/davinci9 --device=/dev/davinci10 --device=/dev/davinci11 \
    --device=/dev/davinci12 --device=/dev/davinci13 --device=/dev/davinci14 --device=/dev/davinci15 \
    --device=/dev/davinci_manager \
    --device=/dev/devmm_svm \
    --device=/dev/hisi_hdc \
    --volume /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/sbin \
    --volume /usr/local/Ascend/driver:/usr/local/Ascend/driver \
    --volume /usr/local/Ascend/firmware:/usr/local/Ascend/firmware \
    --volume /etc/ascend_install.info:/etc/ascend_install.info \
    --volume /var/queue_schedule:/var/queue_schedule \
    --volume ~/.cache/:/root/.cache/ \
    --volume "$MODEL_PATH:/root/Spark-X2.5-4B:ro" \
    --entrypoint=python \
    "$SGLANG_IMAGE" \
    -m sglang.launch_server \
      --model-path /root/Spark-X2.5-4B \
      --served-model-name spark2.5 \
      --tool-call-parser spark25 \
      --reasoning-parser qwen3 \
      --tp-size 1 \
      --mem-fraction-static 0.8 \
      --context-length 1048576 \
      --chat-template /root/Spark-X2.5-4B/chat_template.jinja \
      --host 0.0.0.0 \
      --port 30000

Client

Thinking is enabled by default by both the chat template and the Qwen3 reasoning parser. To disable thinking for a specific request, set "chat_template_kwargs": {"enable_thinking": false}.

curl -s http://localhost:30000/v1/chat/completions \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "model": "spark2.5",
    "messages": [
      {
        "role": "user",
        "content": "安徽的省会在哪里？"
      }
    ],
    "max_tokens": 131072,
    "temperature": 1,
    "top_k": -1,
    "top_p": 0.95,
    "repetition_penalty": 1,
    "presence_penalty": 0,
    "frequency_penalty": 0
  }'

vLLM

Deploy vLLM

vLLM provides an official Docker image for NVIDIA GPU deployment:

docker run --rm --gpus all \
  --ipc=host \
  -p 30000:30000 \
  -v "$MODEL_PATH:/models/Spark-X2.5-4B:ro" \
  vllm/vllm-openai:latest \
  --model /models/Spark-X2.5-4B \
  --port 30000 \
  --trust-remote-code \
  --served-model-name spark25 \
  --tensor-parallel-size 1 \
  --gpu-memory-utilization 0.7 \
  --enable-prefix-caching \
  --chat-template /models/Spark-X2.5-4B/chat_template.jinja

For Ascend NPUs, choose an official image for the fastest setup.

Ascend A2:

export IMAGE=quay.io/ascend/vllm-ascend:nightly-main
docker pull "$IMAGE"

export DEVICE=/dev/davinci0
export MODEL_CACHE="${HOME}/.cache"

mkdir -p "$MODEL_CACHE"

docker run --rm \
    --name vllm-ascend \
    --shm-size=1g \
    --device "$DEVICE" \
    --device /dev/davinci_manager \
    --device /dev/devmm_svm \
    --device /dev/hisi_hdc \
    -v /usr/local/dcmi:/usr/local/dcmi \
    -v /usr/local/bin/npu-smi:/usr/local/bin/npu-smi \
    -v /usr/local/Ascend/driver/lib64/:/usr/local/Ascend/driver/lib64/ \
    -v /usr/local/Ascend/driver/version.info:/usr/local/Ascend/driver/version.info \
    -v /etc/ascend_install.info:/etc/ascend_install.info \
    -v "$MODEL_CACHE:/root/.cache" \
    -p 8000:8000 \
    -it "$IMAGE" bash

Ascend A3:

export IMAGE=quay.io/ascend/vllm-ascend:nightly-main-a3
docker pull "$IMAGE"

export DEVICE0=/dev/davinci0
export DEVICE1=/dev/davinci1
export MODEL_CACHE="${HOME}/.cache"

mkdir -p "$MODEL_CACHE"

docker run --rm \
    --name vllm-ascend \
    --shm-size=1g \
    --device "$DEVICE0" \
    --device "$DEVICE1" \
    --device /dev/davinci_manager \
    --device /dev/devmm_svm \
    --device /dev/hisi_hdc \
    -v /usr/local/dcmi:/usr/local/dcmi \
    -v /usr/local/bin/npu-smi:/usr/local/bin/npu-smi \
    -v /usr/local/Ascend/driver/lib64/:/usr/local/Ascend/driver/lib64/ \
    -v /usr/local/Ascend/driver/version.info:/usr/local/Ascend/driver/version.info \
    -v /etc/ascend_install.info:/etc/ascend_install.info \
    -v "$MODEL_CACHE:/root/.cache" \
    -p 8000:8000 \
    -it "$IMAGE" bash

Ascend 950DT:

export IMAGE=quay.io/ascend/vllm-ascend:nightly-main-a5
docker pull "$IMAGE"

export MODEL_CACHE="${HOME}/.cache"

mkdir -p "$MODEL_CACHE"

docker run --rm \
    --name vllm-ascend \
    --net=host \
    --shm-size=1g \
    --device /dev/davinci0 \
    --device /dev/davinci_manager \
    --device /dev/devmm_svm \
    --device /dev/hisi_hdc \
    -v /usr/local/dcmi:/usr/local/dcmi \
    -v /usr/local/Ascend/driver/tools/hccn_tool:/usr/local/Ascend/driver/tools/hccn_tool \
    -v /usr/local/bin/npu-smi:/usr/local/bin/npu-smi \
    -v /usr/local/Ascend/driver/lib64/:/usr/local/Ascend/driver/lib64/ \
    -v /usr/local/Ascend/driver/version.info:/usr/local/Ascend/driver/version.info \
    -v /etc/ascend_install.info:/etc/ascend_install.info \
    -v "$MODEL_CACHE:/root/.cache" \
    -it "$IMAGE" bash

Install the Spark plugin inside the container:

pip install uv
uv venv ~/spark2_5
source ~/spark2_5/bin/activate
git clone https://github.com/XHToken/Spark-plugin.git
cd ./Spark-plugin
uv pip install .

Server

vllm serve "/models/Spark-X2.5-4B" \
 --port "30000" \
 --trust-remote-code \
 --served-model-name spark25 \
 --tensor-parallel-size 1 \
 --gpu-memory-utilization 0.7 \
 --enable-prefix-caching \
 --chat-template /models/Spark-X2.5-4B/chat_template.jinja

Client

curl -s http://127.0.0.1:30000/v1/chat/completions \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "model": "spark25",
    "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "安徽的省会在哪里？"}],
    "temperature": 1.0, 
    "top_k": -1,
    "top_p": 0.95
  }'

MLX

Spark-MLX-LLM runs the original Spark-X2.5 Hugging Face checkpoints locally. It supports Apple silicon GPU, Linux CPU, and NVIDIA CUDA on Linux. No GGUF conversion is required.

Installation

git clone https://github.com/XHToken/Spark-MLX-LLM.git
cd Spark-MLX-LLM

python3 -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate

# Apple silicon
python -m pip install -e .
# Linux CPU
python -m pip install -e '.[cpu]'
# Linux with CUDA 12
python -m pip install -e '.[cuda12]' 
# Linux with CUDA 13
python -m pip install -e '.[cuda13]'

Run Inference

spark-mlx-generate \
  --device gpu \
  --dtype bfloat16 \
  --model XHToken/Spark-X2.5-1.7B \
  --prompt "安徽的省会在哪里？" \
  --max-tokens 512 \
  --temp 0

Ollama

Build

git clone https://github.com/XHToken/llama.cpp.git llama.cpp-spark
git clone https://github.com/ollama/ollama.git ollama-spark
cd ollama-spark
export OLLAMA_LLAMA_CPP_SOURCE="$(cd ../llama.cpp-spark && pwd)"
cmake -S . -B build
cmake --build build --parallel 8

Create and Run

Create the model definition, then start the Ollama server in one terminal:

printf 'FROM /absolute/path/to/your.gguf\n' > ./Modelfile.spark
./ollama serve

Create and run the model from another terminal:

./ollama create Spark-X2.5-1.7B -f ./Modelfile.spark
./ollama run Spark-X2.5-1.7B

LM Studio

Build

git clone https://github.com/XHToken/llama.cpp.git llama.cpp-spark
cd llama.cpp-spark
cmake -S . -B build
cmake --build build --parallel 8

Set Up LM Studio

1. Close LM Studio.

2. Back up the selected runtime directory:

   <LM_STUDIO_HOME>/extensions/backends/<selected-runtime>/
   

3. Copy the llama.cpp-spark build output into the selected runtime directory, overwriting the existing files.

4. Place the GGUF model in the following directory:

   <LM_STUDIO_HOME>/models/<org>/<name>/
   

Example runtime directory on macOS:

./build/bin/* -> ~/.lmstudio/extensions/backends/llama.cpp-mac-arm64-apple-metal-advsimd-<version>/

Run with LM Studio

Open My Models, select the Spark-X2.5 model, click Load, then start a new Chat.

Run with the lms cli

# Replace `<model>` with a model listed by `lms ls`.
lms load <model>
lms chat <model>

Fine-Tuning

We recommend using Llama-Factory to fine-tune the model.

License

The Spark-X2.5 model series is licensed under the Apache 2.0 License.

Citation

If you find our work helpful, feel free to give us a cite.

@misc{sparkx2.5,
    title  = {Spark-X2.5 4B&1.7B: Pushing the Limits of Agentic Capabilities in On-Device Models},
    author = {SparkLLM Team},
    year   = {2026}
}